Antidepressants

Generic Name

Brand name

Dosage

Side-effects

Comments

venlafaxine hydrochloride

Effexor

Effexor XR

75 mg up to a maximum of 375 mg per day, usually given in a bid or tid dosage.  Effexor XR starts at 37.5 mg once daily up to 225 mg once a day

GI symptoms with nausea, vomiting with decreased appetite, constipation, central nervous system side-effects with sedation, dizziness, insomnia, dryness of the mouth, sweating, problems with ejaculation problems and impotence in men, with sexual dysfunction problems in both males and females

Use cautiously in patients who are on other medications that affect the central nervous system.  Also there may be some increased levels of Effexor when combined with Tagamet (cimetidine) and therefore caution is advised. This drug is not approved for use in pregnancy.

paroxetine hydrochloride

Paxil

10 to 50 mg daily usually given in a single dosage in the morning

Weakness, sweating, GI symptoms with nausea, constipation, diarrhea, dryness of the mouth, sedation with dizziness, insomnia, problems with sexual function including ejaculation and impotence

This is one of the group of antidepressants called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors which appear to work by increasing the level and activity of serotonin in the brain.  It is useful in depression and panic disorder as well as obsessive-compulsive states.  The dosage may have to be adjusted in the face of Tagamet (cimetidine).  It is not approved for use in pregnancy

doxepin hydrochloride

Sinequan

25 to 325 mg daily either once a day or in divided dosages

Sedation which may lessen with usage over time, decreased blood pressure, dryness of the mouth, blurring of the vision, urinary retention with problems emptying bladder, constipation, gastrointestinal symptoms with nausea and vomiting

There may be withdrawal symptoms if the medicine is abruptly stopped and thus it is better to taper it down.  One needs to use caution when using this in combination with Tagamet (cimetidine) which may change the blood levels of the Sinequan.  Since it may cause sedation, patients should not be operating a motor vehicle when they first start taking this medication.  This antidepressant is often helpful with patients who are having problems sleeping as well as depression. This drug is not approved for use in pregnancy.

mirtazapine

Remeron

15 mg up to 45 mg usually given at bedtime

Dryness of the mouth, weight gain, sedation, dizziness, increased appetite, constipation

Rare cases of decreased white blood count with this medicine and thus need to observe for this.  Remeron is not approved in pregnant females.  It may cause problems in a patient with any renal disease since it is excreted by the kidney and thus care should be used in patients over 65 in particular especially if renal function is a problem

nefazodone hydrochloride

Serzone

50 to 100 mg bid initially, increasing up to 600 mg per day

Liver toxicity including rare cases of liver failure may occur.
Central nervous system side-effects with sedation, dizziness, light-headedness, insomnia, headache, also dryness of the mouth, nausea and constipation, blurring of the vision

Patients with underlying severe liver disease are not good candidates for this medication due to the potential for liver toxicity, including actual liver failure. Patients taking this drug need to be regularly monitored with liver function tests to make sure that they are not experiencing any side effects involving the liver.
May be some patients in whom blood pressure drops when getting up from a lying or seated position.  It should not be used in combination with Propulsid (cisapride).  It is not recommended for use in pregnant women.

bupropion hydrochloride

Wellbutrin,

Wellbutrin SR

Wellbutrin 100 mg bid increasing to a total dose of 300 mg per day.  Wellbutrin SR initially 150 mg once daily in the morning may increase to 150 mg twice a day or with Wellbutrin SR 100 two tablets bid as a maximum dose

Headaches, dryness of the mouth with nausea, constipation, skin rash, agitated feeling

This is indicated in depression.  It also works very well with patients with chronic fatigue in association with fibromyalgia (the Wellbutrin works as an energizer).  It is the same exact medication as Zyban which is used to help patients quit smoking.  It is not approved for pregnant females or in females who are breast feeding.  It should be avoided if the patient has a known seizure disorder.

citalopram hydropromide

Celexa

20 mg tablets once daily increasing to 40 mg per day, if necessary, also available in an oral solution where 1 tsp = 10 mg

Sedation, nausea, dryness of the mouth, sweating, problems with ejaculation

A highly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor used in depression. This drug is not approved for use in pregnancy.

fluoxetine hydrochloride

Prozac

10 mg up to 80 mg per day usually given as a single dose in the morning

Nausea, decreased appetite, dryness of the mouth, fatigue, insomnia, anxiety, nervousness, sedation, sweating

Might impair thinking and thus when first starting this medicine should be used with caution if driving a motor vehicle.  Need to monitor pro-time carefully in patients on Coumadin.  Not approved in pregnancy

sertraline hydrochloride

Zoloft

25 to 200 mg daily usually given once a day in the morning

Sedation, headache, dizziness, tremor, dry mouth, increased sweating, problems with sexual dysfunction with ejaculation, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite, fatigue, insomnia, nervousness, agitation

This is another of the serotonin reuptake inhibitors which has been used as part of the treatment program in fibromyalgia and in depression secondary to other rheumatic diseases.  Not approved in pregnancy

amitriptyline hydrochloride

Elavil

10 mg up to 150 mg daily usually given at bedtime

Sedation, confusion, decreased blood pressure, problems with emptying urinary bladder, constipation, blurring of the vision, dryness of the mouth, some patients with weight gain, other patients with weight loss

This is an older type of medicine for depression which is in a group called the tricyclic antidepressants.  It helps some patients who have trouble with insomnia and has been shown to be of benefit in fibromyalgia patients.  Unfortunately, some patients cannot tolerate some of its side-effects.  The newer group of serotonin reuptake inhibitors have fewer of some of these side-effects and therefore are better tolerated. This drug is not approved for use in pregnancy.


Return to Top of Page

Return to Medications Home Page

Return to ArthritisCentral.com Home Page